Which type of sterilization involves the use of high temperatures?

Moist heat sterilization is recognized for its effectiveness in using high temperatures to eliminate microorganisms. This method typically employs steam under pressure, such as in an autoclave, where the temperature is raised above 100 degrees Celsius (often around 121 degrees Celsius or 250 degrees Fahrenheit) to achieve sterilization. The combination of high temperature and moisture rapidly destroys pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and spores.

This process is essential in healthcare settings as it ensures that surgical instruments and equipment are free from any viable organisms, thereby preventing infections during medical procedures. The high temperature achieved through steam penetration ensures that items are sterilized thoroughly and efficiently, making it a preferred choice for many items that can withstand heat and moisture.

Other sterilization methods, like chemical sterilization, gas sterilization, and radiation sterilization, do not primarily rely on high temperatures to achieve sterilization, making them unsuitable in terms of the specific requirement mentioned in the question.