Can external indicators prove an item is sterile when the sterilization cycle is complete?

The assertion that external indicators can prove an item is sterile when the sterilization cycle is complete is false. External indicators, such as sterilization tape or chemical indicator strips, are designed to show that the sterilization process has reached certain conditions, like temperature and pressure, necessary for sterilization. However, these indicators alone do not guarantee that the item is actually sterile.

Sterility assurance is ultimately based on more comprehensive testing and monitoring, including the use of internal indicators or biological indicators that demonstrate the effectiveness of the sterilization process. Only biological indicators can confirm the absence of specific bacteria or spores, providing a clear indication that the item has been sterilized effectively. Therefore, while external indicators can signal that conditions were met during the cycle, they cannot conclusively prove actual sterility.